Adolf II Prince of Schaumburg Lippe Forced to abdicate during 1918 German revolution. Exiled to Istria
Adolphe Duke of Nassau Lost Nassau when it was annexed by Prussia, 1866
Became Grand Duke of Luxembourg in 1890, as there was no direct successor of male royalty in the Netherlands.
Bernhard III Duke of Saxe-Meiningen Forced to abdicate during 1918 German revolution. Remained living in Germany.
Charles Edward Duke of Saxe-Coburg Forced to abdicate during 1918 German revolution. Remained living in Germany.
Ernst August Duke of Brunswick Forced to abdicate during 1918 German revolution. Remained living in Germany
Ernst II Duke of Saxe-Altenburg Forced to abdicate during 1918 German revolution. Remained living in Germany.
Ernst Ludwig Grand Duke of Hesse-and-by-Rhine Forced to abdicate during 1918 German revolution. Remained living in Germany.
Ferdinand Grand Duke of Tuscany Deposed when Tuscany was annexed to Sardinia, 1860 Exiled in Austria
Francisco II King of the Two Sicilies Deposed when his kingdom was annexed to the Tyrol, 1861 Exiled in Rome and Paris
Frederick August Grand Duke of Oldenburg Forced to abdicate during 1918 German revolution. Remained living in Germany
Frederick August III King of Saxony Forced to abdicate during 1918 German revolution. Remained living in Germany
Frederick Franz IV Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin Forced to abdicate during 1918 German revolution. Remained living in Germany.
Frederick II Grand Duke of Baden Abdicated during 1918 German revolution.
Frederick William Elector of Hesse-Kassel Deposed when Hesse was annexed by Prussia, 1866 Originally taken prisoner, then went into exile.
George Crown Prince of Serbia
Mentally unstable, he kicked a servant to death and was forced to abdicate his right to succeed. He remained in Serbia but spent many years confined in an asylum.
Isabella II Queen of Spain Forced to abdicate 1870 Exiled in France
Joachim Ernst Duke of Anhalt His regent and uncle abdicated for him during 1918 German revolution.
Karl Emperor of Austria Deposed 1918 Exiled in Madeira
Leopold IV Sovereign Prince of Lippe Forced to abdicate during 1918 German revolution. Remained living in Germany.
Louis Philippe King of France Deposed 1846 Fled to England
Ludwig II King of Bavaria Forced to accept a regency because he was mentally unstable, 1886. Confined in an asylum, he died – possibly killed himself – the same evening.
Ludwig III King of Bavaria Forced to abdicate during 1918 German revolution. Remained living in Germany
Manuel II King of Portugal Deposed in a revolution, 1910 Fled to England.
Maria II de la Gloria Queen of Portugal Deposed by her uncle, Miguel Reinstated as queen by her father the Emperor of Brazil.
Napoleon III French Emperor Deposed in 1871 Fled to England.
Nicholas King of Montenegro Forced into exile when Montenegro became part of the new Yugoslavia, 1918 Exiled in France
Nicholas II Tsar of Russia Forced to abdicate during 1917 revolutionMurdered – with all his family – 1918
Otto of Bavaria King of Greece Deposed 1862 Fled back to Bavaria
Pedro Emperor of Brazil
Deposed during revolution, 1889 Exiled in France
Roberto I Duke of Parma and Piacenza Deposed during Italian Unification 1859 Lived in northern Italy and Austria
Wilhelm Ernst Duke of Saxe-Weimar Forced to abdicate during 1918 German revolution. Remained living in Germany.
Wilhelm II German Emperor Forced to abdicate during 1918 German revolution. Fled to the Netherlands
Wilhelm II King of Wurttemberg Forced to abdicate during 1918 German revolution. Remained living in Germany
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